±¸»óµ¹±âÀý°³¼ú°ú Àü»ç°ñµ¿ÀýÁ¦¼ú

11/17/1998, ¼­ °æ½Ä


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±¸»óµ¹±â¿Í ´©µÎºÎ´Â Àü»ç°ñµ¿À» ÀÌ·ç´Â Áß¿äÇÑ ±¸Á¶¹°·Î Áߺñ°©°³¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇϰųª ³»ÃøÀ¸·Î Á¦³¤ÈÄ ºñ°­Ãøº®À» °üÂûÇÏ¸é ±¸»óµ¹±â(ÏÉßÒ=°¥°í¸®¸ð¾ç, uncinate process)¿Í »ç°ñÆ÷(bulla ethmoidalis)»çÀÌÀÇ 2Â÷¿øÀûÀÎ ¹Ý´ÞÇü Æ´»õ¸¦ ¹Ý¿ù¿­°ø(hiatus semilunaris)À̶ó Çϸç, ±× Æ´»õÀÇ ±ò´ë±â ¸ð¾çÀÇ 3Â÷¿øÀû °ø°£À» ´©µÎºÎ(infudibulum, ±ò´ë±â)¶ó ÇÑ´Ù(Stammberger H, FESS, The Messerklinger Technique, 1991, BC Decker, Philadelphia).

¹Ý¿ù¿­°øÀº ÀÚ¼¼È÷ ±¸ºÐÇϸé, »ç°ñÆ÷¿ÍÀÇ °ü°è¸¦ Áß½ÉÀ¸·Î, À§-¾Æ·¡·Î ³ª´µ°Ô µÈ´Ù. hiatus semilunaris inferior´Â ¿ì¸®°¡ Åë»ó hiatus semilunaris·Î ºÎ¸£´Â °÷À̸ç, hiatus semilunaris superior´Â bulla ethmoidalis¿Í middle turbinate»çÀÌÀÇ °ø°£, Ãøµ¿(lateral sinus)ÀÇ ÀÔ±¸ºÎÀÇ 2Â÷¿øÀû ¸íĪÀÌ µÈ´Ù.

1. hiatus semilunaris inferior

2. ethmoid infundibulum

3. hiatus semilunaris supeior

4. lateral sinus

Stammberger H, FESS, The Messerklinger Technique, 1991, BC Decker, Philadelphia

¶ÇÇÑ ±¸»óµ¹±â´Â »ç°ñ(ethmoid bone)ÀÇ ÀϺÎÀ̸ç, ¾Æ·¡ÂÊÀº ÇϺñ°©°³ÀÇ »ç°ñµ¹±â(ethmoidal process of inferior turbinate, Buiter CT, Endoscopy of the Upper Airways, Thesis. 1976, State University of Groningen, Groningen)·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ ±¸»óµ¹±â¸¦ °æ°è·Î ÀüÈÄ Ãµ°³ºÎ(fontanelle)ÀÌ ±¸ºÐµÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ ±×¸²¿¡ Àß ³ªÅ¸³ª ÀÖ´Ù.

Buiter CT, Endoscopy of the Upper Airways, Thesis. 1976, State University of Groningen, Groningen
Buiter CT, Endoscopy of the Upper Airways, Thesis. 1976, State University of Groningen, Groningen


ÈçÈ÷ »ó¾Çµ¿ÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬°øÀÇ °¡Àå ÈçÇÑ À§Ä¡´Â ´©µÎºÎ¸¦ 4µîºÐÇÒ ¶§ ¾Õ¿¡¼­ 3¹øÂ°(3rd quarter)·Î µÇ¾îÀÖ¾î( Van Alyea OE, The ostium maxillare: Anatomic study of its surgical accessibility. Arch Otolaryngol, 34:11, 1936) ÀÚ¿¬°øÀÌ ÈÄõ°³ºÎ(posterior fontanelle)¿¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Âø°¢ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸³ª, »ó¾Çµ¿ÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬±¸´Â Àüõ°³ºÎ(anterior fontanelle)¿¡ À§Ä¡Çϸç, ±¸»óµ¹±â¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇØ¾ß ¸¸ÀÌ °üÂûµÈ´Ù(±×¸²¿¡¼­ ±¸»óµ¹±â¿¡ °¡·ÁÁø Á¡¼±ÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬°øÀÇ À§Ä¡¸¦ Âü°í). ³»½Ã°æ»ó¿¡¼­ posterior fontanelle¿¡ °üÂûµÇ´Â ±¸¸ÛÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ÀÌ´Â ºÎ±¸(accessory ostium)À¸·Î ÀÌÇØÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.

Van Alyea OE, The ostium maxillare: Anatomic study of its surgical accessibility. Arch Otolaryngol, 34:11, 1936

ÇÑÆí ¹Ú¼ö¿¬µî¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ - Çѱ¹ÀÎ ºñ°­ ¹× ºÎºñµ¿ÀÇ ÇüÅÂÇØºÎÇÐÀû °íÂû<Á¦1º¸:ºñ°­Ãøº®ÀÇ ÇüÅÂ>,ÇÑÀÌÀÎÁö 22:55, 1979 - ¿¡ µû¸£¸é »ó¾Çµ¿ ÀÚ¿¬°øÀÇ À§Ä¡´Â ´©µÎºÎ¿¡¼­ 4µîºÐ½Ã ¾Õ¿¡¼­ 2¹øÂ°°¡ 56.1%, 3¹øÂ°°¡ 40.9%·Î Áß°£ºÎºÐ¿¡ ´ëºÎºÐÀ» Â÷ÁöÇϰí ÀÖÀ½À» ¾Ë ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

Relationship between UP/Ethmoidal process of IT and anterior/posterior fontanelles(Fa/Fp)
The maxillary sinus ostoium lies in the anterior fontanelle(dotted circle).

Hiatus semilunaris is shown between UP and BE(arrows).

- Kennedy DW et al, Endoscopic middle meatal antostomy: theory, technique and patency, Laryngoscope 97:1, 1987

±¸»óµ¹±â Àý°³¼ú

Àü»ç°ñµ¿ÀýÁ¦¼úÀÇ ½ÃÀÛÀº ±¸»óµ¹±â(uncinate process)ÀÇ Àý°³·ÎºÎÅÍ ½ÃÀÛÀÌ µÈ´Ù. ±¸»óµ¹±â ÀýÁ¦¼úÀº ¸» ±×´ë·Î uncinectomy ¶Ç´Â infundibulotomy ¶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Stammberger´Â sickle knife·Î ±¸»óµ¹±âÀÇ Àý°³¸¦ °¡ÇÏ´Â infundobulotomy as the technique of Messerklinger¶ó°íÇÏ¿© ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ½º½ÂÀÎ Messerklinger±³¼öÀÇ À̸§À» ³Ö°í ÀÖ´Ù(Stammberger H, Posawetz W: Functional endoscopic sinus surgery-Concept, indications and results of the Messerklinger technique. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 247:63-76, 1990).

±×·¯³ª ¹®Çå»ó¿¡¼­ º¸¸é ÀÏÂî±â 1890³â KillianÀÌ unicinetomy¸¦ °¡À§·Î ½ÃÇàÇß´Ù´Â ±â·ÏÀÌ ÀÖµíÀÌ(Wigand - Endoscopic surgery of the paranasal sinuses and anterior skull base, 1990, Thieme, Stuttgart), ´©±¸ÀÇ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï¶ó°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Messerklinger¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ±¸»óµ¹±âÀÇ Àý°³´Â ¼úÁß ÃâÇ÷¸¦ ÃÖ¼ÒÈ­ ÇÏ¿© ÁÁÀº ½Ã¾ß¸¦ È®º¸Çϴµ¥ Áß¿äÇÑ ¼ú±â¶ó°í ÇϰڴÙ.

±¸»óµ¹±âÀÇ Á¦°Å½Ã¿¡´Â ±¹¼Ò ħÀ± ¸¶Ã븦 ½ÃÇàÇϴµ¥, 1% xylocaine°ú 1:10¸¸ epinephrineÀÇ ¸¶ÃëÁ¦ 1 cc Á¤µµ¸é ÃæºÐÇϸç ÀÌ´Â Àý°³½Ã ÃâÇ÷ÀÇ ¿¹¹æ°ú Àü»ç°ñ½Å°æÀÇ block¿¡ ¸ñÀûÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ´ë°³ ±¹¼Ò µµÆ÷ ¸¶Ãë ÈÄ 5ºÐ¿¡ 23 gauge spinal needleÀ» tip¿¡¼­ ¾à 3-5 mmÀÇ À§Ä¡¿¡ 30µµ Á¤µµ·Î ±¸ºÎ·Á¼­ ¹Ù´ÃÀÇ bevel ÂÊÀ» Á¡¸· Ç¥¸éÀ» ÇâÇÏ¿© Á¡¸· Á÷ÇϺο¡ ħÀ± ÁÖ»çÇϴµ¥, ¼öÁ÷À¸·Î ¾à 3 ºÎÀ§ Á¤µµ, ¼öÆòÀ¸·Î ÇϺñ°©°³°¡ ºñ°­ Ãøº®¿¡ ±â½ÃÇÏ´Â ºÎÀ§ÀÇ Á÷»óºÎ¿¡ ¼öÆò¸éÀ¸·Î 1-2 ºÎÀ§ ħÀ± ¸¶ÃëÇÑ ÈÄ ±¹¼ÒµµÆ÷ ¸¶ÃëÁ¦ÀÇ ¼ØÀ̳ª cottonoid µîÀ¸·Î ´Ù½Ã ´­·¯ÁØÈÄ(ȤÀº suction tip µîÀ¸·Î ÁÖ»çºÎÀ§¸¦ massage ÇÏ¿© ÁÖ»çºÎÀ§ÀÇ ÃâÇ÷À» ÁöÇ÷) ¾à 5ºÐÀÌ Áö³ª¸é, ¼ö¼úÀ» ½ÃÇàÇÑ´Ù. ƯÈ÷ Áߺñ°©°³ Àü»óºÎ ±â½ÃºÎÀ§¿¡ Ãß°¡·Î 0.3-0.5cc Á¤µµ ħÀ± ¸¶ÃëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ³ªÁßÀÇ ºñÁ¦ºÀ¼Ò Á¦°Å¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¼ú½Ä¿¡¼­ ÃâÇ÷ÀÌ ´úµÈ´Ù.

±×·¯³ª Àü»ç°ñµ¿ °³¹æ¿¡ ÀÖ¾î uncinectomy´Â ²À ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °úÁ¤Àº ¾Æ´Ï¸ç, ±¸»óµ¹±â(uncinate process)°¡ ¿ÜÃøÀ¸·Î lateralization ȤÀº subluxation µÇ¾î ´©µÎºÎ(infundibulum)À» ¸·Áö ¾Æ´ÏÇÑ´Ù¸é ±¸»óµ¹±âÀýÁ¦¼ú ¾øÀ̵µ, »ç°ñÆ÷(bulla ethmoidalis) ¹× Àü»ç°ñµ¿À» °³¹æÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.±¸»óµ¹±âÀýÁ¦¼úÀÇ ÁøÁ¤ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀº Áߺñµµ °æÀ¯ »ó¾Çµ¿¼ö¼ú(middle meatal antrostomy)ÀÇ ½Ã¾ß È®º¸¿Í ÀüµÎµ¿ ¼ö¼ú¿¡ ÀÖ¾î ÀüµÎ¿ÍÀÇ °³¹æ¿¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Áߺñµµ³»¿¡¼­ÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ uncinectomy¸¸ÀÌ »ó¾Çµ¿ÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬°ø(natural ostium)À» ¼ö¼ú½Ã¾ß¿¡¼­ È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ Ãʺ¸ÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì Áߺñµµ³»¿¡¼­ÀÇ ¿ÏÀüÇÑ uncinectomyÀÇ È®ÀÎÀº »ó¾Çµ¿ ÀÚ¿¬°øÀÇ °üÂû À¯¹«¿¡ µû¶ó È®ÀÎÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

¼ö¼ú Ãʹݿ¡´Â ±¸»óµ¹±âÀÇ Á¦°Å´Â Áߺñ°©°³ ±â½ÃºÎ ¾Æ·¡ÂÊ 2/3¸¦ ½ÃÇàÇϰí, ³²Àº »óºÎÀÇ ±¸»óµ¹±â´Â ÀüµÎÇÔ¿ä(frontal recess)ÀÇ °³¹æ½Ã¿¡ Á¦°ÅÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.

±¸»óµ¹±â´Â ²À sickle knife·Î¸¸ ½ÃÇàÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï¸ç, Takahashi straight cup-forceps, Freer elevatorÀÇ sharp end, uncinate processÀÇ free marginÀ» È®ÀÎÇÑ ÈÄ reverse cutting forceps(backber·Î Àß¶óÁÙ ¼öµµ ÀÖ°í(Rusk RP : Surgical pediatric otolaryngology, Editors Postic WP, Cotton RT, Handler SD, Thieme, New York, 1997).

MMA by reverse cutting forceps. ±¸»óµ¹±âÀÇ ÀÚÀ¯¿¬, free marginÀ» ã¾Æ µÚ¿¡¼­ ¾ÕÂÊ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î±¸»óµ¹±âÀÇ ÀϺθ¦ Àß¶óÁÖ¾î ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑÀÇ ±¸»óµ¹±â ÀýÁ¦¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ »ó¾Çµ¿ ÀÚ¿¬°øÀ» °³¹æÇÑ´Ù(Rusk RP : Surgical pediatric otolaryngology, Editors Postic WP, Cotton RT, Handler SD, Thieme, New York, 1997)

ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ±¸»óµ¹±âÁ¦°Å½Ã sickle knifeÀÇ ¿îµ¿¹æÇâÀº Áö¾çÆÇ(lamina papyracea) ¼Õ»óÀ» ¸·±â À§ÇÏ¿© ÀüÈĿ ¹æÇâÀ¸·Î Àý°³¸¦ °¡Çϰí, uncinate processÀÇ ÇϺδ ¼öÆòÇÏ°Ô Àý°³¸¦ °¡ÇÏ¿©¾ßÇϸç, uncinate processÀÇ »óºÎ¸¦ ºñƲ¾î(twisted motion) Àß¶ó³»¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.(Kennedy DW et al, Endoscopic middle meatal antostomy: theory, technique and patency, Laryngoscope 97:1, 1987). ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ±¸»óµ¹±âÀÇ »óºÎ¸¦ Àâ°í ºñƲ¾î Á¦°ÅÇÏ´Â ¹æ½ÄÀº ÁÖº¯ Á¡¸·,ƯÈ÷ ºñÁ¦ºÀ¼ÒºÎ(agger nasi area)ÀÇ Á¡¸·ÀÌ ±¸»óµ¹±â¸¦ Àü¹æÀ¸·Î Àâ¾Æ´Ù³æÀ» ¶§ Á¡¸·ÀÌ Âõ¾îÁö¸é¼­ ¼Õ»óÀ» ¹Þ¾Æ ´Ù·®ÀÇ ÃâÇ÷¹æÁö¸¦ À§ÇÑ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î ½ÃÇàÇÑ´Ù.

Twisting motions of uncinectiomy(Kennedy DW et al, Endoscopic middle meatal antostomy: theory, technique and patency, Laryngoscope 97:1, 1987)


ÀúÀÚÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â Àüü ±¸»óµ¹±âÀýÁ¦¼úÀÇ ¸ðµç °æ¿ì¿¡´Â sickle knife¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸ç, ±¸»óµ¹±â°¡ µüµüÇÏ¿© sickle knife°¡ Àß µé¾î°¡Áö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â Áߺñµµ Àüõ°³ºÎ(anterior fontanelle)¸¦ curved elevator(ȤÀº fontanelle knife)·Î õ°øÇÑ ÈÄ ÀÌ Ãµ°øºÎ¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© curved suction tipÀ̳ª antral curetteÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© uncinate process¸¦ medial¹æÇâÀ¸·Î subluxation½ÃÄÑ cutting forceps ȤÀº straight / upward Takahashi cup-forcepsÀ¸·Î uncinate process¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇϰí, anterior fontanelle·ÎºÎÅÍ posterior fontanelle·Î ³ÐÇô³ª°£´Ù. °æ¿ì¿¡ µû¶ó ÀÌ ¼ú½ÄÀº »ó¾Çµ¿ÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬°øÀ» È®ÀÎÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ´Â ´ÜÁ¡ÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸³ª, ¼úÈÄ 70µµ ³»½Ã°æÀ¸·Î »ó¾Çµ¿ÀÇ Ãµ°³ºÎ°¡ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ °³¹æµÇ¾ú´ÂÁö È®ÀÎÇϸé missed ostium sequence¸¦ ¿¹¹æÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÈ´Ù.

Maxillary sinus ostium is enlarged with angled spoon or curette

-Kennedy DW et al, Endoscopic middle meatal antostomy: theory, technique and patency, Laryngoscope 97:1, 1987

ÈÄõ°³ºÎ·ÎÀÇ È®ÀåÀº cup forcepsº¸´Ù´Â cutting forceps¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁÀºµ¥ À̴ õ°³ºÎÀÇ Á¡¸·À» cup forcepsµîÀ¸·Î Àâ¾Æ´ç±â´Â °æ¿ì »ó¾Çµ¿ Èĺ®ÀÇ Á¡¸·ÀÌ °°ÀÌ Àâ¾Æ´ç°ÜÁö°ÔµÇ°í, »ó¾Ç°ñº®À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ó¾Çµ¿ Èĺ®ÀÇ Á¡¸·ÀÌ °°ÀÌ Àâ¾Æ´ç°ÜÁö°ÔµÇ°í, »ó¾Ç°ñº®À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ó¾ÇÁ¡¸·ÀÌ ¹Ú¸®µÇ¾î ¼Õ»óÀ» ¹Þ´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÒ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®ÀÌ´Ù.

»ó¾Çµ¿°³¹æ¼ú½Ã »ó¾Çµ¿ÀÇ ÀÚ¿¬°øÀÌ °üÂûµÇÁö ¾Æ´ÏÇϸé, õ°³ºÎÀ§ÀÇ palpation¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ bubbleÀÌ °üÂûÇϰųª, pus°¡ ³ª¿À´Â °÷À» µû¶ó°¡¸é ãÀ» ¼öµµ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ostium seeker³ª angled spoon ȤÀº antrum currette µîÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© Á¼Àº ±¸¸ÛÀ» ¿­ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
*Kennedy DW et al, Endoscopic meddle meatal antostomy: theory, technique and patency, Laryngoscope 97:1, 1987

Bulla ethmoidalisÀÇ °³¹æ

ºñ¿ëÁ¾ÀÇ °æ¿ì Stammberger¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé(200·Ê) key area : uncinate-middle turbinate-infudibulum¿¡¼­ 80%, face of bulla-hiatus semilunaris-infudibulum¿¡¼­ 65%, frontal recess¿¡¼­ 48%, turbinate sinus¿¡¼­ 42%, Inside bulla ethmoidalis¿¡¼­ 30% ¼øÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³­´Ù°í ÇÏ¿´´Ù(Stammberger H, FESS, The Messerklinger Technique, 1991, BC Decker, Philadelphia).

Ashikawaµî(Ashikawa R, Moriyama H et al. ³»½Ã°æÇϺñ³»¼ö¼ú, ÀÇÇм­¿ø, µ¿°æ, 1995)¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé, ºñ¿ë¹ß»ý ºÎÀ§°¡ »ç°ñÆ÷ 93Ãø, Áߺñ°©°³ 81Ãø, »óºñµµ 31Ãø, »ó¾Çµ¿ ÀÚ¿¬°ø 23Ãø, ±¸»óµ¹±â 17Ãø, »óºñ°©°³ 15Ãø, ÈÄ¿­ 8Ãø, ºñÁ¦ºÀ¼Ò 3Ãø, ºñÁß°ÝÁ¡¸· 2ÃøÀ̶ó ÇÏ¿´´Ù.

ÀúÀÚ´Â »ç°ñÆ÷¸¦ °³¹æÇÏ¿© ºñ¿ëÁ¾ÀÇ Á¸Àç À¯¹«¸¦ È®ÀÎÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù°í »ç·áµÇ¸ç, ´õ ³ª¾Æ°¡ »ç°ñÆ÷ÀÇ Èĺ®À» Á¦°Å Ãøµ¿(lateral sinus)À» °³¹æÇÏ¿© º¸´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ´Ù°í »ç·áµÈ´Ù. CT findingÀ» Âü°í·Î Áߺñ°©°³ÀÇ ±âÆÇÀ» °³¹æÇÏ¿© ÈÄ»ç°ñµ¿À¸·ÎÀÇ ¼ö¼ú ÁøÇà ¿©ºÎ¸¦ °áÁ¤ÇÑ´Ù. posterior ethmoidectomy°¡ °°ÀÌ ½ÃÇàµÇ´Â °æ¿ì¿¡, bulla ethmoidalisÀÇ ¾Æ·¡ÂÊ 2/3¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇϰí, middle turbinateÀÇ basal lamella(gl III)¸¦ °³¹æÇϰí, posterior ethmoidÀÇ roof¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÑ ÈÄ ºñ°­ õÁ¤¿¡ ¸Å´Þ·Á ÀÖ´Â bulla lamella(gl II)¸¦ ÁöÇ¥·Î ÇÏ¿© anterior ethmoid domeÀ» È®ÀÎÇÑ´Ù. ÀüµÎ¿Í, frontal recess´Â ´Ù½Ã ¾ÕÂÊ¿¡¼­ ±¸»óµ¹±âÀÇ »óºÎ¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇÏ¿©(uncinate processÀÇ remnant¸¦ Á¦°Å), ºñÁ¦ºÀ¼Ò¸¦ È®ÀÎÇÑ ÈÄ À̸¦ Á¦°ÅÇϸé, frontal sinus opening °ú ¾È¿Í»ó ºÀ¼Ò(supraorbital cell)ÀÇ È®ÀÎÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.

Anterior ethmoidal artery¿Í anterior ethmoid dome

AEA: between posterior wall of bulla lamella and basal lamella of MT
=gl II(2nd ground lamella)¿Í gl III(3rd ground lamella) »çÀÌ

anterior ethmoidal aretry´Â skull baseȤÀº ethmoid roofÀÇ landmarkÀ̹ǷÎ, ¼ö¼ú ½Ã ¸Å¿ì Áß¿äÇϳª, frontal sinusÀÇ ostiumÀ» ã´Âµ¥¿¡´Â ²À ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Ç¥ÀÎÁ¡Àº ¾Æ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »ç°ñõÁ¤ÀÇ ³ëÃâÀÌ ¸ðµç Àü»ç°ñµ¿³»ÀÇ ºÀ¼Ò¸¦ Á¦°ÅÇÏ¿´´ÂÁöÀÇ È®ÀÎÁ¡ÀÌ µÇ´Â °ÍÀ̹ǷÎ, Àü»ç°ñµ¿¸ÆÀ» µÇµµ·Ï ã¾Æº¸·Á´Â ³ë·ÂÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í »ç·áµÈ´Ù.

Spurting vessels in ESS

¼ö¼úÁß¿¡ ÀÌ ÅÍÁ® ¼ö¼ú¿¡ ½Ã¾ßÀå¾Ö¸¦ ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â ºÎÀ§°¡ 4 °÷

1) anterior ethmoidal artery at anterior ethmoid roof
2) branches of sphenopalatine artery near the posterior end of middle turbinate
3) lower edge of sphenoid sinus window
4) attachment of inferior turbinate to the lateral nasal wall - middle meatal antrostomy

*Stammberger H, FESS - Endoscopic Diagnosis and Surgery of the Paranasal Sinus and Anterior Skull Base, Karl Storz, Tuttlingen, 1996